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Could maths help in taking the perfect penalty?trabzonspor'dan son dakika haberler1 day agoBy Charlie Haynes, BBC News, East MidlandsShareBBCBilly Watson went down to Basford United Academy to put his theories on penalties to the test Penalties – the word has long struck fear in the hearts of England fans.But on Saturday, Gareth Southgate's men defied England's less-than-ideal record in major tournaments, dispatching all five against Switzerland to make it through to tonight's Euro 2024 semi-final versus the Netherlands.Now a graduate from Nottinghamshire has told the BBC he believes he holds the secret to shootout success.Billy Watson, 21, from Kimberley, has combined maths, statistics and psychology to calculate the best place to aim in penalties. "The conventional wisdom is that you shoot down the middle, but if you keep shooting down the middle, your keeper is going to understand what your strategy is," Mr Watson said.Instead, he says his calculations show players should use a mixed system - aiming for the top left or top right, and down the middle only very occasionally. Mr Watson has been calculating the perfect penalty "I used a branch of mathematics called game theory to try and understand why penalty takers don't shoot down the middle, even though that is statistically supposedly the best place to put it," said Mr Watson.He was the first in his family to go to university, and has just graduated from King's College London with a degree in PPE - politics, philosophy and economics.Mr Watson decided to carry out the research for his dissertation after watching an episode of BBC panel show QI - which concluded that the middle is the best place for a penalty to go.That did not feel quite right to him. The recent graduate thinks having a "mixed strategy" is the winner when it comes to penalties"Actually if you shoot down the middle every time, the keeper will understand what your strategy is and they're going to stay in the middle," Mr Watson said."So what you want is a mixed strategy, where you shoot in the top left a percentage of the time and the top right a percentage of the time."He said his dissertation impressed his tutor, who suggested he would look to publish it in Math Plus Magazine at University of Cambridge - and it achieved an impressive first-class mark of 85.Following England's quarter-final success against the Swiss, Mr Watson said Cole Palmer, Jude Bellingham, Bukayo Saka, Ivan Toney and Trent Alexander-Arnold "broadly" followed his model."They didn't shoot down the middle and they shot left 60% of the time and right 40% of the time," he said."Something else I found interesting was the difference between [Manuel] Akanji's penalty and [Xherdan] Shaqiri's. Akanji shot low, making it quite an easy save for [Jordan] Pickford, but Shaqiri shot high. "Even though Pickford guessed the direction of both penalties correctly, the extra height in Shaqiri's made all the difference. This is exactly why my model prefers shooting in the top corners over the bottom."ReutersBukayo Saka was one of five England players to successfully convert their spot-kicksEngland will be aiming to get the job done within 90 minutes later, from 20:00 BST, especially given their penalty defeat to Italy in the final of Euro 2020 - and the fact that prior to Saturday, the Three Lions had only won one of their last five shootouts at World Cup and Euros tournaments."There's always an element of luck when it comes to penalties," Mr Watson said."Whether they've been crunching the numbers or wearing their lucky charms, I'm happy as long as they're putting the ball in the back of the net."Follow BBC Nottingham on Facebook, on X, or on Instagram. Send your story ideas to [email protected] or via WhatsApp on 0808 100 2210.How to take a European Championship shootout penaltyFormation, Kane & impact subs - Southgate's semi-final dilemmas'Arrogance and confidence' – breaking down England's perfect penaltiesRelated internet linksMath Plus MagazineKimberleyBasfordRelatedTwins, 8, complete triple three peaks challenge9 May 2024NottinghamDriver's spine fractured in road rage attack3 May 2024Nottingham'No real options' as swimming pool closes - coach30 Mar 2024NottinghamMore6 days agoBurglars who targeted elderly victim jailedThe suspects are both identified by detectives due to their "distinctive" tattoo and boots.6 days agoNottingham19 Jun 2024Care home residents get to p-p-pick up penguinsResidents at the Nottingham care home enjoyed the company of the "very inquisitive" flightless birds.19 Jun 2024Nottingham12 Jun 2024CCTV appeal after tram driver hit by thrown brickPolice say the driver was covered in glass when the brick was thrown into the path of a tram.12 Jun 2024Nottingham7 Jun 2024Driver injured after brick thrown at tramThe brick is believed to have come from a group of people standing above the tracks, police say.7 Jun 2024Nottingham6 Jun 2024Truck driver fell asleep and crashed into wallNottinghamshire Police say it is lucky that nobody was injured by the out-of-control truck.6 Jun 2024Nottingham